To pass this unit, please study the 15 vocabulary words below.
- CLI (command line interface)
- compression
- device driver
- file permissions
- format
- GUI (graphical user interface)
- hidden file
- kernel
- Linux
- multitasking
- OS (operating system)
- sign in
- sign out
- VM (virtual machine)
- X11 (X Window System)
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a text-only link between a computer and its operator
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"The technician enjoyed administering the Unix server with the CLI tools."
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a method of packing data in order to save disk storage space or download time
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"Zip and mp3 are examples of two common file compression algorithms."
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software which converts the data from a component or peripheral into data that an operating system can use
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"The IT support technician asked the end user if he had recently updated any device drivers."
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a set of strict rules for controlling read, write, and execute access to a file or directory
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"The company switched from FAT32 to NTFS file system because the former did not support file permissions."
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prepare a device to store data, erasing any existing data
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"One must format a flash memory drive or a hard disk drive before it can be used to store data."
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an icon based link between a computer and its operator
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"Most users prefer an icon-based GUI over a command line option."
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a file which does not appear by default in a directory listing; normally for security reasons or to spare confusion in end users
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"The administrator was upset when the end user found a way to display and then delete several hidden files."
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the fundamental part of an operating system responsible for resource management and file access
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"The system administrator needed to upgrade the kernel in order to provide native support for Serial ATA drives."
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an open source version of Unix developed by Linus Torvalds
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"Linux was originally developed by Linus Torvalds, who wanted a free Unix-like operating system that ran on standard PC hardware."
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concurrent execution of two or more tasks by a processor
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"UNIX is the original multitasking environment and was designed from the beginning to share resources over a network."
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a GUI or CLI software link between the computer and operator; also provides a framework for productivity software such as an office suite, web browser, or programming languages
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"The programmer tested his Java code on many operating systems including: Windows, Linux, and Macintosh."
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to enter information related to an account name and its password in order to access a computer resource
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"The man could not sign in to his Windows computer because he forgot his username and password."
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to end a session with computer or network resource
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"The server was set to automatically sign out users after 10 minutes of inactivity."
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a software program which mimics the performance of one or more hardware devices in order to run software independently of the actual hardware
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"In order to run Java programs in Windows one needs to download an appropriate virtual machine."
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a software toolkit for UNIX systems underlying numerous GUI window managers including KDE and Gnome
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"The man was surprised at how similar in functionality X11 was to Microsoft Windows."